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# Connect 2 Cleanrooms: We deliver turnkey and modular cleanroom design and build projects. As well as validation, cleanroom training, consumables and equipment. Get in touch today...

## Sitemaps
[XML Sitemap](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/sitemap_index.xml): Includes all crawlable and indexable pages.

## Posts
- [Key Considerations When Furnishing a Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/key-considerations-when-furnishing-a-cleanroom/)
- [July Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/july-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/)
- [A Look Back at the First Half of 2026](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/half-year-review-2026/)
- [June Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/june-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/)
- [May Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/may-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/)
- [Strengthening Relationships and Driving Collaboration with our Meet the Supplier: Open Day at Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/open-day-at-connect-2-cleanrooms-2026/)
- [April Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/april-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/):                                    
- [Why Most Cleanroom Contamination Comes from People: The Importance of Cleanroom Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/why-most-cleanroom-contamination-comes-from-people/)
- [March Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/march-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/):                                  
- [Hardwall Cleanrooms vs Softwall Cleanrooms: Wall Type Explained](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/hardwall-cleanrooms-vs-softwall-cleanrooms-wall-type-explained/)
- [February Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/february-2026-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/)
- [January Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/january-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms-cleanroomshop/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms Announces Changes to Design and Build Offering](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/connect-2-cleanrooms-announces-changes-to-design-and-build-offering/)
- [November Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/november-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [The Importance of Cleanrooms in the Life Sciences Industry](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-importance-of-cleanrooms-in-the-life-sciences-industry/)
- [5 Ways a Particles Plus® Particle Counter Will Simplify Cleanroom Monitoring](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/5-ways-particles-plus-simplifies-cleanroom-monitoring/): The Particles Plus range of handheld and remote particle counters have a world-wide reputation for being reliable and intuitive. Here are 5 ways they can help you drive efficiencies for cleanroom monitoring.
- [October Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/october-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Steel vs Aluminium Cleanroom Framing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/steel-vs-aluminium-cleanroom-framing/)
- [September Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/september-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Introducing Our LEGO® Brick Cleanroom!](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/introducing-our-lego-brick-cleanroom/)
- [Why Choose a Modular Cleanroom?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/why-choose-a-modular-cleanroom/): A modular cleanroom is a cleanroom that is built from pre-fabricated, manufactured components that are assembled to your specifications on-site. These pre-fab components include wall and ceiling panels as well as special features like pass through chamber panels and air locks.
- [August Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/august-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Strengthening Particle Counter Calibration Expertise with Particles Plus® Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/strengthening-particle-counter-calibration-expertise-with-particles-plus-training/)
- [6 Reasons You Should Choose a Predesigned Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/6-reasons-you-should-choose-a-predesigned-cleanroom/): Our ready-to-ship cleanroom kits are a popular choice for organisations looking to create cleanroom space, quickly. Here are just 6 reasons you need one.
- [July Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/july-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Cleanroom Flooring Made Easy](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-flooring-made-easy/): The main cleanroom flooring options are:
- [Introducing the Predesigned Cleanroom Range](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/introducing-the-predesigned-cleanroom-range/)
- [The Difference Between Cleanroom Qualification and Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-difference-between-cleanroom-qualification-and-validation/)
- [June Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/june-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Monobloc Cleanrooms: Achieving Optimal Particulate Control and Contamination Prevention](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/monobloc-cleanrooms-particulate-and-contamination-control/): Cleanrooms play a crucial role in industries where strict control of particulate contamination and cross-contamination risks is essential. Among the various cleanroom construction options available, monobloc cleanrooms stand out for their ability to provide superior particulate control and meet the rigorous standards of ISO 14644-1 and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP).
- [The Essential Role of Cleanrooms in the Medicinal Cannabis Industry](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-role-of-cleanrooms-in-the-medicinal-cannabis-industry/)
- [May Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/may-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Portable Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/portable-cleanrooms/)
- [April Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/april-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms Named ‘Cleanroom Design & Installation Company of the Year 2025’](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-installation-company-of-the-year-2025/)
- [Softwall Cleanrooms: Flexible Controlled Environments](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/softwall-cleanrooms-flexible-controlled-environments/)
- [February Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/february-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [What is Cleanroom Validation?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/what-is-cleanroom-validation/)
- [Hardwall Cleanrooms: High-Integrity and Versatile](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/hardwall-cleanrooms/): Our hardwall cleanroom construction can withstand the high volume of airflow required for ultra-clean environments such as ISO class 5-6 clean zones. But the bright and durable finish of the hardwall cleanrooms also make them an attractive option for ISO class 7-8 cleanrooms.
- [January Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/january-insights-from-connect-2-cleanrooms/)
- [Discover Limitless Expansion Potential with Modular Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/scalable-modular-cleanrooms/): Our modular cleanrooms are designed with scalability at the forefront, offering unmatched flexibility to meet your growing needs. Whether you're expanding your facilities, accommodating increased production, or adapting to changing regulations, our modular cleanrooms empower you to scale your operations effortlessly.
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms Relaunches](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/connect-2-cleanrooms-relaunches/)
- [The Most Common Questions Answered: Cleanrooms for Injection Moulding](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-most-common-questions-answered-cleanrooms-for-injection-moulding/)
- [November Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/november-insights-from-angstrom-technology/)
- [Cleanroomshop has a New Website!](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/shop-cleanroom-consumables-at-cleanroomshops-new-website/)
- [A Look Back at our Webinar: An Introduction To Cleanroom Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/an-introduction-to-cleanroom-validation/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [Cleanroom Air Change Rates Explained](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-air-change-rates-explained/)
- [October Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/october-cleanroom-insights-angstrom-technology/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop Shortlisted for Prestigious Awards](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-cleanroomshop-shortlisted-for-prestigious-awards/)
- [Join Our Next Free Webinar, An Introduction to Cleanroom Validation on 14 November 2024!](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/join-our-next-free-webinar-an-introduction-to-cleanroom-validation-on-14-november-2024/)
- [The Difference Between Horizontal and Vertical Laminar Flow Cabinets](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-difference-between-horizontal-and-vertical-laminar-flow-cabinets/)
- [September Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/september-insights-from-angstrom-technology-cleanroomshop/)
- [What is a Semiconductor Cleanroom?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/what-is-a-semiconductor-cleanroom/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms is Now Powered by Green Electricity Supply!](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-is-now-powered-by-renewable-energy/)
- [3 Types of Medical Industry Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/3-types-of-medical-industry-cleanroom/)
- [August Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms & Cleanroomshop](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/august-insights-from-angstrom-technology-cleanroomshop/)
- [What is GMP Cleanroom Consultancy?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/what-is-gmp-cleanroom-consultancy/)
- [The Cleanroom Design & Build Process](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-process/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms Awarded Best Cleanrooms Solutions Company 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-awarded-best-cleanrooms-solutions-company-2024-at-the-international-life-sciences-awards/)
- [July Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/july-insights-from-angstrom-technology/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms’s Managing Director wins Prestigious MD of the Year Award](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technologys-managing-director-wins-prestigious-md-of-the-year-award/)
- [June Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/june-insights-from-angstrom-technology/)
- [What is a Cleanroom?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/what-is-a-cleanroom/)
- [May 2024 Insights from Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/may-newsletter-from-angstrom-technology/)
- [April 2024 Insights From Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/april-newsletter-angstrom-technology/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [A look back at our first webinar of 2024, Building Blocks of Cleanroom Compliance](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/the-building-blocks-of-cleanroom-compliance-webinar/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [Another successful CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Day welcoming international brands](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/iso-cleanroom-training-day-march-2024/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms accelerates growth with busy start to 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-accelerates-growth-with-busy-start-to-2024/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Day held for our Cleanroomshop suppliers](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cpd-certified-iso-cleanroom-training-day-held-for-our-cleanroomshop-suppliers/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [An extremely busy November for Connect 2 Cleanrooms UK](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/an-extremely-busy-november-for-angstrom-technology-uk/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Day held for a range of companies and sectors](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cpd-certified-iso-cleanroom-training-day/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms Group launches new UK & EU website to strengthen global status](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-launches-new-uk-eu-website/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [Join us for our CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Day](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/iso-cleanroom-training-day/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [A Modular Cleanrooms Round-up](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/a-modular-cleanrooms-round-up/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [Industry sectors and cleanroom projects](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/industry-sectors-and-cleanroom-projects/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [The Connect 2 Cleanrooms Design & Build Process](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/angstrom-technology-design-and-build-process/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [How Connect 2 Cleanrooms can help with EU GMP Annex 1 compliance](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/how-angstrom-technology-can-help-with-eu-gmp-annex-1-compliance/): Want to know more? Book a space on our GMP cleanroom operator training course!
- [Softwall cleanrooms: flexible controlled environments](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/softwall-cleanrooms/): Cleanrooms have become indispensable in industries that demand control over environmental conditions to maintain high cleanliness levels. While hardwall cleanrooms provide robust structures, softwall cleanrooms remain ever-popular due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. In this blog, we will explore the benefits and applications of softwall cleanrooms, shedding light on why they are the preferred option for many industries.
- [Customisable modular cleanrooms for your unique needs](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/customised-modular-cleanrooms-for-unique-needs/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms is a modular cleanroom manufacturer. Our cleanroom design and build specialists have experience working with customers in all kinds of industries, achieving great results time and time again. We’d love to work with you as well!
- [C2C awarded a Silver EcoVadis Medal for 2023](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/ecovadis-silver-medal-for-c2c/): Exciting news! We've just received our new Ecovadis accreditation, recognising our commitment to sustainability and corporate social responsibility. We're proud to be part of a global network of businesses that prioritise environmental and social impact. We're pleased to announce that Connect 2 Cleanrooms has been awarded the Silver EcoVadis Medal for 2023 placing us in the top 25% of companies for sustainability.
- [Become a Cleanroom Pro: How to Upskill Hand Hygiene, Cleaning, and Gowning](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-professional-training/): Washing our hands, getting dressed, and basic cleaning tasks are skills we learn as children. But, as cleanroom operators, what bad habits have we picked up over the years that could compromise a critical environment? As a CPD-certified cleanroom training provider we talk you through what you need to unlearn to keep a cleanroom compliant with ISO 14644.
- [The 4 factors to determine your ideal cleanroom wall type](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-wall-types/): If you’re working on a technical specification for a new cleanroom design and build project, you will have noticed there are different types of cleanroom wall materials in the market. The most popular types are softwall, hardwall, and monobloc. But you might not yet know which cleanroom envelope system is suitable for your project.
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms’ year in 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/connect2cleanrooms-year-in-2022/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms has had an exciting year, delivering integrated cleanroom services to a global customer base.
- [Joe Govier to leave Connect 2 Cleanrooms at end of 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/joe-govier-ceo-to-leave-c2c/): After 20 years, Connect 2 Cleanrooms’ (C2C), Founder and CEO, Joe Govier, is leaving the company at the end of 2022. His legacy includes pioneering the modular cleanroom design concept, launching the first online cleanroom supplies shop (Cleanroomshop), and launching successful validation and training services. Under Joe’s leadership, C2C has delivered ISO and GMP cleanrooms for the likes of Rolls Royce, BAE Systems, and Astra Zeneca.
- [Cleanroom Design & Build Blog – October 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-october-2022/): In October we delivered scalable cleanrooms for our clients. In fact, whether we are building modular cleanrooms or GMP manufacturing plants, our clients can always be sure that the investment in their cleanroom is future-proofed for growth and expansion.
- [Cleanroom Design & Build Projects September 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-sept-2022/): If we were to pick a word that describes our September, that word would be flexible. We are sure that our clients would say the same! We’ve been appointed by clients old and new for cleanroom design and build projects in the UK and Europe.
- [New case study: CPD-certified cleanroom training for Active Pharma](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/new-case-study-active-pharma/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms recently delivered CPD-certified cleanroom training to Active Pharma Supplies.
- [Cleanroom Design and Build Projects – July 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-july-2022/): In July, we’re proud to be playing our part in the supply chain of so many vital products and services.
- [Space Park Leicester shortlisted for Constructing Excellence Award 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/space-park-leicester-shortlisted-constructing-excellence-award/): Space Park Leicester was shortlisted within the Building Project of the Year category for a Constructing Excellence Award 2022.
- [C2C is turning 20!](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/c2c-is-turning-20/): This year, Connect 2 Cleanrooms (C2C) turns 20. As an integrated solutions partner, that's 20 years of designing, building, and validating cleanrooms, supplying consumables and equipment, and providing training services for our clients.
- [Cleanroom Design & Build Projects – June 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-june-2022/): Glastonbury festival and the start of Wimbledon have signalled the true start of summer in the UK, and things are certainly heating up at Connect 2 Cleanrooms! From space to pharma—and a whole lot of sectors in between—read all about the customers we’ve been serving this June.
- [Mitigate supply disruption with a Service Level Agreement for critical consumable products](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/service-level-agreements-from-cleanroomshop/): If running out of garments, gloves, sprays or wipes is your worst nightmare at work, it’s likely you work in the cleanrooms industry. Our clients rely on a reliable supply of critical products to keep production running smoothly and contamination-free.
- [C2C Announces New MD and Commercial Director](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/c2c-appoints-new-md-new-commercial-director/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms Ltd (C2C) has appointed Nicola Coull as its new Managing Director and Oliver Barker as Commercial Director.
- [Cleanroom Design and Build Projects – May 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-may-2022/): It’s been another exciting month at Connect 2 Cleanrooms. Do you have a project you’d like to speak to us about? Get in touch.
- [New Case Study: AE Global](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/new-case-study-ae-global/): The company had two cleanrooms at its site in Derry, N.I.—one portable and one traditional. However, due to issues related to their age, the company decided to decommission these and begin a new cleanroom design and build project. A custom-built ISO cleanroom from Connect 2 Cleanrooms was recommended to AE Global by another company in the industry.
- [Cleanroom Design and Build Projects – April 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-april-2022/): Just as we are due to attend Battery Tech Expo on 12th May, we have applied the finishing touches on a stunning facility in the North East of England in an industrialisation centre for electronic battery development. You’ll hear more about this cleanroom after it is unveiled at an opening ceremony later this year.
- [Cell & Gene Therapy: A Sector Insight](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cell-gene-therapy-sector-insight/): In this blog post, our Regulatory Governance & Assurance Manager, Joan Benson, gives a history on the development of the Cell & Gene Therapy sector and the settings needed for the various processes.
- [Cleanroom Design and Build Projects – March 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-march-2022/): In the month that the clocks finally went forward, we’ve served sectors across the board—from biopharmaceuticals to aerospace.
- [Cleanroom Design and Build Projects – February 2022](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/cleanroom-design-build-february-2022/): It’s been the shortest month of the year but by no means the quietest. We’ve supported two companies in Luxembourg with similar requirements, but different budgets. The photonics specialist SME and the all-cargo airline both need to control humidity to protect the integrity of sensitive materials. But where the photonics specialist will be using monitoring equipment to manually record parameters and adjust controls, the airline has opted for automated control through our ECO cleanroom control system for its composite layering process—with full monitoring system integration with its BMS. With our range of cleanrooms and ancillary options, we can build a cleanroom spec with the right feature set to meet requirements and budget simultaneously.

## Pages
- [Policies & Documentation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/policies-documentation/)
- [Particle Counter Calibration](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/supply-your-cleanroom/particle-counter-calibration/)
- [Start-Up Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/start-up-cleanrooms/)
- [Modular Cleanroom Furniture](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/furnish-your-cleanroom/modular-cleanroom-furniture/):    
- [Furnish Your Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/furnish-your-cleanroom/)
- [Client Stories](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/)
- [LEGO® Brick Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/lego-brick-cleanroom/)
- [Cleanroom Showroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/cleanroom-showroom/)
- [Content Library](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/content-library/)
- [Predesigned Softwall Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/predesigned-cleanrooms/softwall-cleanrooms/)
- [Predesigned Hardwall Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/predesigned-cleanrooms/hardwall-cleanrooms/)
- [Testimonials](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/testimonials/)
- [Bespoke Cleanroom Furniture](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/furnish-your-cleanroom/bespoke-cleanroom-furniture/)
- [Particle Counter Rental](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/cleanroom-validation/particle-counter-rental/)
- [Laminar Flow Cabinets](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/laminar-flow-cabinets/)
- [Good Documentation Practice (GDocP) Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/upskill-your-cleanroom/good-documentation-practice-training/):    
- [Careers](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/about/careers/)
- [About](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/about/)
- [Certificates & Accreditations](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/about/certifications-accreditations/)
- [GMP Annex 1 Cleanroom Product Transfer, Cleaning, and Gowning](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/are-you-ready-for-gmp-annex-1/eu-gmp-annex-1-cleaning-gowning-product-transfer/)
- [EU GMP Annex 1 Compliant Cleanroom Design & Build](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/are-you-ready-for-gmp-annex-1/gmp-annex-1-compliant-design-and-build/)
- [Requalification to GMP Annex 1](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/are-you-ready-for-gmp-annex-1/requalification-to-gmp-annex-1/)
- [Initial Qualification to GMP Annex 1](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/are-you-ready-for-gmp-annex-1/cleanroom-validation-to-gmp-annex-1/)
- [Are You Ready For EU GMP Annex 1?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/are-you-ready-for-gmp-annex-1/)
- [All Cleanroom Sectors](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/)
- [Aerospace Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/aerospace-cleanrooms/)
- [Plastics Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/plastics-cleanrooms/)
- [Medical Cannabis Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/medical-cannabis-cleanrooms/)
- [Automotive Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/automotive-cleanrooms/)
- [CPD ISO 14644 Cleanroom Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/upskill-your-cleanroom/iso-cleanroom-training/)
- [EU GMP Cleanroom Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/upskill-your-cleanroom/gmp-cleanroom-training/)
- [Electronics & Semiconductor Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/electronics-semiconductor-cleanrooms/)
- [Life Science & Pharmaceutical Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/life-science-pharmaceutical-cleanrooms/):    
- [Medical & Healthcare Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/cleanroom-sectors/medical-healthcare-cleanrooms/)
- [Supply Your Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/supply-your-cleanroom/)
- [Cleanroom Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/cleanroom-validation/)
- [Upskill Your Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/upskill-your-cleanroom/)
- [Choose Your Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/)
- [Our Services](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/)
- [Predesigned Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/predesigned-cleanrooms/)
- [Battery Dry Rooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/battery-dry-rooms/)
- [GMP Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/custom-built-gmp-cleanrooms/)
- [Request a Quote](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/request-a-quote/)
- [Contact](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/contact/)
- [ISO Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/services/choose-your-cleanroom/custom-built-iso-cleanrooms/)
- [Cleanroom Resources](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc dignissim quis massa ut tincidunt. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Integer aliquet est non ornare mattis. Praesent sodales vulputate magna tempus ullamcorper. Maecenas vel massa interdum, porta ex nec, feugiat nunc. Donec libero nulla, egestas lacinia eros nec, dapibus pretium libero. Praesent convallis ex non urna ornare interdum. Aliquam vitae dui suscipit massa tristique ullamcorper sed et nulla. Fusce elementum nisi ligula. Phasellus nec enim eget diam posuere mollis ut a odio.
- [News](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/news/)
- [Team](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/about/our-team/)
- [Cleanroom Management Solutions](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/)

## Events
- [Open Days and Events at Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/open-days-and-events/)
- [Meet the Supplier: Open Day at Connect 2 Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/meet-the-supplier-open-day-2026/)
- [Space-Comm Expo Europe 2026](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/space-comm-expo-europe-2026/)
- [Interplas 2026](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/interplas-2026/)
- [Making Pharmaceuticals 2026](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/making-pharmaceuticals-2026/)
- [Alderley Park Suppliers Fair](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/alderley-park-suppliers-fair-2025/): Supported, and in partnership with the key industry associations and influential bodies, this exciting event showcases the manufacturing supply chain for products, services and solutions supplying commercial enterprises and developments in space.
- [Space-Comm Expo 2025](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/space-comm-expo-2025/): Supported, and in partnership with the key industry associations and influential bodies, this exciting event showcases the manufacturing supply chain for products, services and solutions supplying commercial enterprises and developments in space.
- [Lab Innovations 2025](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/lab-innovations-2025/): Supported, and in partnership with the key industry associations and influential bodies, this exciting event showcases the manufacturing supply chain for products, services and solutions supplying commercial enterprises and developments in space.
- [UK Semiconductors 2025](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/uk-semiconductors-2025/): Supported, and in partnership with the key industry associations and influential bodies, this exciting event showcases the manufacturing supply chain for products, services and solutions supplying commercial enterprises and developments in space.
- [Webinar: An Introduction to Cleanroom Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/webinar-introduction-to-cleanroom-validation/): SIGN UP TODAY
- [CPD-Certified EU GMP Cleanroom Training](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/cpd-certified-eu-gmp-cleanroom-training-day/): SIGN UP TODAY
- [CPD-certified ISO 14644 Cleanroom Training Day](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/cpd-certified-iso-cleanroom-training-day/): If you want to embed best practice behaviours in your ISO cleanroom — Connect 2 Clearooms' CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Course is for you. Our training day gives you the same content as this popular course, but instead of a dedicated training session, you will be joined by other like-minded companies at our head office training day.
- [CPD certified GMP Cleanroom Training Day](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/cpd-certified-gmp-cleanroom-training-day/): SIGN UP TODAY
- [Cleanroom Technology Conference 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/cleanroom-technology-conference-2024/): The Cleanroom Technology Conference is designed to highlight best practice and regulations affecting both cleanroom design and cleanroom operation across various sectors for those working in controlled environments and cleanrooms.
- [Webinar: The Building Blocks Of Cleanroom Compliance](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/webinar-the-building-blocks-of-cleanroom-compliance/): SIGN UP TODAY
- [CPD-certified ISO Cleanroom Training Day](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/iso-cleanroom-training-day/): ISO Training Course Content
- [Space-Comm Expo 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/space-comm-expo-2024/): Held at the Farnborough International Exhibition and Conference Centre, the Home of Pioneering Spirit, Space-Comm Expo brings together the entire sector for two days of business and networking, providing an opportunity for industry to connect in person.
- [Medical Technology Expo 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/medical-technology-2024/): Date: 22-23rd March 2023
- [Battery Tech Expo 2024](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/events/battery-expo-2024/): The Battery Tech Expo 2023 is to be held at the Wing, Silverstone. It is focused on bringing together pioneers, innovators, OEMs, industry heads and academics to accelerate the disruptive shift to a more sustainable future.

## Case studies
- [ISO cleanroom training for a facilities management provider](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/iso-cleanroom-training-for-a-facilities-management-provider/)
- [Cleanroom furniture fit-out for the production of agricultural and marine autogenous vaccines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cleanroom-furniture-fit-out-for-the-production-of-agricultural-and-marine-autogenous-vaccines/)
- [12m² predesigned softwall cleanroom for microneedle tattoo patch production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/12m%c2%b2-predesigned-softwall-cleanroom-for-microneedle-tattoo-patch-production/)
- [114m² cleanroom for subsea telecommunications technology production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/114m%c2%b2-cleanroom-for-subsea-telecommunications-technology-production/)
- [Predesigned cleanroom 6m x 3m for Lancaster & Morecambe College’s Engineering Department](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/predesigned-cleanroom-6m-x-3m-for-lancaster-morecambe-colleges-engineering-department/)
- [15m² hardwall cleanroom for Dubai-based technology company](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/15m%c2%b2-hardwall-cleanroom-for-dubai-based-technology-company/)
- [EU GMP cleanroom training delivered for UK regulatory agency](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/eu-gmp-cleanroom-training-delivered-for-uk-regulatory-agency/)
- [EU GMP cleanroom training delivered for UK CPI team](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/eu-gmp-cleanroom-training-delivered-for-uk-cpi-team/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms provides full suite of cleanroom services for Plexus Corp.](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/c2c-builds-iso-cleanroom-for-plexus-corp/)
- [Dry room for Li-ion batteries](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/anaphite/)
- [182m² CBD cleanroom for Orange County CBD](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/orange-county-cbd/)
- [CPD-certified cleanroom training for Active Pharma](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/active-pharma-supplies-cleanroom-training/)
- [Driving the Electronic Revolution Industrialisation Centres (DER-IC) 250m² cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/der-ic/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms supports space sector with off-the-shelf satellite cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/craft-prospect/)
- [Cytiva supports global biopharma industry with 6,000m² cleanrooms in Cardiff, Wales](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cytiva/)
- [High-purity pipe fabrication cleanroom with ISO 4 pods](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/ae-global/)
- [Softwall cleanroom for PCR test filling line](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/erkol-fill-pcr-test-cleanroom/)
- [USA national medical cannabis grower](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/medical-cannabis-cleanroom/)
- [High grade pipe fabrication cleanroom with internal pods](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/msl-engineering/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms modular cleanrooms supporting medical plastics manufacturer’s growth](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/optimold/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms builds satellite engineering 325m² cleanroom at Space Park Leicester](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/bowmer-kirkland-space-park-leicester/)
- [BioCube cell & gene therapy suite for RoslinCT – GMP Grades B, C & D](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/roslinct-cell-and-gene-therapy-cleanroom-facility/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms deliver 340m² solid-state battery production cleanroom for Ilika](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/ilika/)
- [AGMA extends production with large softwall cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/agma/)
- [A sterile manufacturing cleanroom facility for NHS Wales – GMP grades B, C & D](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/nhs-wales/)
- [Cleanroom, class II lab & dry room for antibody testing kits](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/class-ii-laboratory-and-dry-room/)
- [Cogent Technology experience significant productivity gains with Rapidbloc cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cogent-technology/)
- [A ready-to-assemble cleanroom kit supports medicated tampon start-up](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/daye/)
- [Cleanroom & laboratory suite for diagnostic device R&D](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/phoenix-dx/)
- [Connect 2 Cleanrooms completes clean production facility for powder transfer technology](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/chargepoint-technology/)
- [Cleanroom facility for the production of medical collagen products](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cambcol/)
- [GMP compliant cleanroom for STERIS](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/steris/)
- [Clean production for sports nutrition products](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/supreme-imports-protein-lab/)
- [Assembly cleanroom for Panasonic head up displays production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/panasonic/)
- [Consolidated cleanroom production for UK’s largest e-liquid producer](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/supreme-imports/)
- [Cleanroom optical measurements laboratory for Vantablack® coatings inspection](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/surrey-nanosystems/)
- [Cleanroom to develop fuel cell technologies for Shell](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/shell/)
- [Pharma cleanrooms for AstraZeneca](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/astrazeneca/)
- [Telescopic cleanroom extending over CERN](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cern/):        
- [ISO 6 cleanroom at the Graphene Engineering and Innovation Centre (GEIC)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/geic/)
- [ISO class 7 cleanroom with full lifecycle service](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/mactaggart-scott/)
- [Monobloc cleanroom for solid and liquid dose medicine production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/cubic-pharmaceuticals/)
- [GMP cleanroom facility for medical device production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/dermaroller/)
- [Cleanroom and warm room rebuild for e-liquid manufacturer](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/blend-and-bottle/)
- [Custom-built stainless steel furniture for OPTOCAP](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/optocap/)
- [ISO class 7 cleanroom with custom furniture fit out](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/a-parker-bioscience/)
- [A production cell and lab cleanrooms for automotive component assembly](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/a-parker/)
- [Arburg 25th anniversary event](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/arburg/)
- [ISO class 7 cleanroom for nanotechnology research – University of Essex](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/uni-of-essex/)
- [ISO class 6 cleanroom for aerospace component production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/bae-systems/)
- [Industry 4.0 injection moulding cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/promolding/)
- [ISO 8 cleanroom for electrical component assembly](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/kingfield/)
- [Cleanrooms for the manufacture and install of particle accelerator](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/stfc/)
- [ISO class 7 cleanroom for UK e-liquid production](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/bull-brand/)
- [ISO 7 cleanroom for cleaning and packing bio industry seals](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/eriks/)
- [ISO class 7 panel system for satellite assembly](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/spire/)
- [Offsite constructed ISO class 6 cleanroom for global technology company](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/electronics-cleanroom/)
- [ISO 7 cleanrooms for L’Oreal cosmetics skincare production in Egypt](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/l-oreal/)
- [C2C panel system cleanroom for wound care products](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/convatec/)
- [ISO class 8 monobloc partition system for calibration processes](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/perkins-engines/)
- [ISO class 6 & 7 cleanroom for solar cell activity](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/swansea-university/)
- [Hardwall cleanroom with automated HEPA-lite™ canopies for injection moulding process](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/tex-plastics/)
- [ISO 8 monobloc partition system with HEPA-lite™ canopy](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/high-street-pharmacy/)
- [ISO class 7 Mmonobloc partition system for life science processes](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/ivf-fertility-clinic/)
- [ISO class 8 cleanroom for the production of dashboard components](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/rolls-royce/)
- [ISO class 7 cleanroom for neutrino research](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/royal-holloway/)
- [ISO Class 7 hardwall system for medical polymer manufacturing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/amies/)
- [Multiple zoned hardwall cleanroom in DR Congo](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/aker-solutions/)
- [ISO Class 8 Hardwall Cleanroom for Medical Device Manufacture](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/arterius/)
- [Microbiological Testing with ISO Class 5 Zones](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/united-utilities/)
- [ISO 8 Hardwall Cleanroom with Control System & A/C](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/tsc/)
- [ISO Class 7 Cleanroom for Mechatronics Application](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/vhe-automation/)
- [Class 8 Cleanroom for Electrical Component Manufacturer](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/sanmina/)
- [Product Packaging & Testing ISO Class 5 Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/hydroflex/)
- [Dual Zoned Hardwall Cleanroom with Raised Floor for Semiconductor Application](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/lapmaster/)
- [ISO Class 7 Cleanroom for UV Sensitive Nanotechnology R&D](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/nanoco/)
- [ISO Class 5 Mini Environments for Subsea Component Assembly](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/siemens/)
- [ISO Class 7 Softwall Cleanroom for Vacuum Technology](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/pfeiffer-vacuum/)
- [Large Scale ISO 7 Softwall Cleanroom Relocation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/edwards/)
- [ISO Class 8 Monobloc Partition System Bespoke Modular Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/pharmaceutical-company/)
- [Hardwall Cleanroom with HEPA-lite™ Frame for Injection Moulding Process](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/plastek/)
- [ISO 8 Cleanroom to Protect Production of Aircraft Control Actuators](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/moog/)
- [ISO Class 8 Hardwall Cleanroom with 4 Satellite Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/sunningdale-tech/)
- [ISO Class 8 Cleanroom for Pneumatics Application](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/client-stories/case-studies/smc-pneumatics/)

## Articles
- [How Cleanroom Furniture Layouts Impact Performance](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/how-cleanroom-furniture-layouts-impact-performance/)
- [How to Clean a Cleanroom Surface](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/how-to-clean-a-cleanroom-surface/)
- [How to Use a Tacky Mat](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/how-to-use-a-tacky-mat/)
- [Rotational Cleaning Guide](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/rotational-cleaning-guide/)
- [Controlling Contamination Through an Effective Monitoring Programme](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/controlling-contamination-through-an-effective-monitoring-programme/)
- [The Cleanroom Essentials Checklist](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/the-cleanroom-essentials-checklist/)
- [How to Reduce Downtime in Your Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/how-to-reduce-downtime-in-your-cleanroom/)
- [Single-Use vs Launderable Cleanroom Garments](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/single-use-vs-launderable-cleanroom-garments/)
- [EU GMP Cleanroom Design Checklist](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/eu-gmp-cleanroom-design-checklist/)
- [Cleanrooms for Injection Moulding](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanrooms-for-injection-moulding/)
- [Dry Room Design Guide for Lithium Battery Manufacturing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/dry-room-design-guide-for-lithium-battery-manufacturing/)
- [Decentralised Air Handling for Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/decentralised-air-handling-for-cleanrooms/)
- [Digital Modelling for Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/digital-modelling-for-cleanrooms/)
- [ISO 14644 Cleanroom Requalification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-requalification/): Ongoing Performance Qualification requires a repeat of the initial testing on the cleanroom to ensure that its operation continues to meet initial requirements as the facility ages. This is also described as requalification or re-validation. Ongoing Performance Qualification provides an ongoing assurance that facilities and equipment continue to meet their original specifications.
- [Validation Frequency Requirements](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/validation-frequency-requirements/): How often do I need to validate a cleanroom?
- [HEPA and ULPA Air Filtration](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/hepa-and-ulpa-air-filtration/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms typically use individual fan filter units (FFUs) to control airborne particles, and localised air conditioning and dehumidifier units to control temperature and humidity. This decentralised approach means a significantly lower initial investment, and increased energy efficiency than that offered by a traditional Air Handling Unit (AHU) system.  
- [Vertical Farming](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/vertical-farming/): Vertical farming is the latest farming trend looking to solve the issues of food production and increase food security for a growing population. Food is grown indoors, where the conditions can be controlled to mirror the optimal conditions for the harvest. This means crops can be produced all year round, without the barrier of seasons or carbon-footprint-causing air-miles.
- [CBD Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cbd-cleanrooms/): Cannabidiol is widely known as CBD. The natural remedy may be used for common ailments such as pain relief and anxiety or as a food supplement with no medicinal claims. CBD is one of over 100 cannabinoids, which are chemical compounds found in the cannabis or marijuana plant and is different to the cannabinoid Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Products containing THC for medical use are always categorised as medicinal cannabis.
- [Particle Counter Calibration Service](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/particle-counter-calibration/): The calibration of particle counters and other monitoring equipment gives verified assurance that units are operating within acceptable tolerances. A calibrated unit can be trusted to perform accurately and reliably.
- [Glass Reinforced Polyester (GRP) Cleanroom Panels](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/glass-reinforced-polyester-grp-cleanroom-panels/): Glass Reinforced Polyester (GRP) creates an advanced cleanroom panel.
- [Cleanroom Commissioning](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/commissioning/): The primary objective of commissioning is to verify that the engineering requirements and specifications, as stipulated in the URS and FDS, were installed and they function properly. This phase is typically split into activities referred to as Factory Acceptance Test (FAT), Site Acceptance Test (SAT), and Installation Qualification (IQ).
- [Cleanroom Design Phase](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/design-phase/): In the detailed design phase, the ideas and concepts evolve to concrete plans, required specifications and exact definitions of dimensions, materials and components, defined in a User Requirement Specification (URS).
- [Cell and Gene Therapy Suites](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/industry-spotlight-cell-gene-therapy-suite/): The Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, which has the core purpose of building a world-leading Cell and Gene therapy sector in the UK, reported a 100% increase in phase III clinical trials in the past 2 years alone. With a 60% increase in manufacturing space within the same period, many Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) manufacturers are in growth with expansions planned or in progress.
- [GMP Requalification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/requalification/): Ongoing Performance Qualification requires a repeat of the initial testing on the cleanroom to ensure that its operation continues to meet initial requirements as the facility ages. This is also described as Requalification.
- [Operational Qualification (OQ) & Performance Qualification (PQ)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/operational-qualification-performance-qualification/): Operational Qualification (OQ) is a documented program to demonstrate that the Cleanroom, when operating within the defined parameters, can consistently perform and maintain the specified conditions.
- [FAT, SAT & IQ](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/fat-sat-iq/): A Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) is a process that evaluates any bespoke or customised equipment during and after the assembly process, by verifying that it is built and operating in accordance with design specifications.
- [Cleanroom Air Handling](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-air-handling/): The HVAC system is a vital component to deliver the level of compliance required in a controlled environment.
- [UltraTech Precision Flush Cleanroom System](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/kingspan-ultratech-precision-flush-cleanroom-system/): The UltraTech Precision Flush panel system creates a fully-flush, ledge-free and impervious cleanroom envelope, making it an excellent solution for GMP facilities. Each insulated panel is pre-engineered off site to the correct size and then interlocked and sealed during assembly for a clean and efficient installation on site.
- [Advanced Cleanroom Design](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/advanced-cleanroom-design/): The time to embed performance and sustainability to a cleanroom design is at the front end of the process.
- [Cleanroom Design Approach and Layout](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-design-approach-layout-urs/): An initial User Requirement Specification (URS) defines the processes, equipment, operations, capacities and the environmental criteria for a cleanroom design. In a URS, designers need to review the flow of people and products through the facility to assess the optimum layout for regulatory compliance, efficient operation and the minimisation of cross contamination opportunities.
- [Design Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/design-qualification-dq/): The success of a GMP cleanroom design is dependent on a clear and concise User Requirement Specification (URS) to take through a successful Design Qualification.
- [Emergency Breakout Panel](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/emergency-breakout-panel/): Emergency break out panels satisfy Health and Safety regulations and provide a convenient and quick escape route from a cleanroom in the event of an emergency.
- [Cleanroom Flooring: Jigsaw](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-flooring-jigsaw/): Loose Lay or Jigsaw flooring, provides an ideal upgrade to a cleanroom floor which is easy-to-clean  and none shedding.
- [Cleanroom Flooring: Vinyl](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-flooring-vinyl/): Vinyl flooring provides a smooth, flush finish to the cleanroom environment and, when coved, creates a seamless joint with the wall construction. This leaves no gaps for the accumulation of particulate contamination.  A coved finish to flooring creates a smooth and easy to clean system - one of the hallmarks of GMP design.
- [Humidity-Controlled Dry Rooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/humidity-controlled-dry-rooms/): Now let's look at the requirements for battery production, which is a typical use of a dry room. Because of the sensitivity of their materials, solid-state battery dry rooms may need humidity controlling to minus 30/35.0°Cdp at the point of return. In comparison, a dry room for lithium battery needa a greater humidity control of around minus 50.0°Cdp at the point of return.
- [Cleanroom Laundry Services](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-laundry-services/): Cleanroom laundry services provide rental, laundry and processing services to ensure the clothing you are using in your cleanroom meets the cleanliness and sterility standards you require.
- [DQ IQ OQ PQ](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/dq-iq-oq-pq-cleanroom-qualification/): Validation protocols are a method of establishing documented evidence that demonstrate a high degree of assurance that a cleanroom facility will consistently perform to the original specification in the URS, while also meeting all regulatory requirements.
- [Modular Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/modular-cleanrooms/): Connect 2 Cleanroms' in the original modular cleanroom company. Our modular cleanrooms create classified environments to protect processes from harmful airborne contamination - reducing failure rates and helping organisations get it right the first time.
- [ISO 14644-1 Class 5 Cleanroom Classification Guidelines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-1-class-5-cleanroom-classification-guidelines/): Information on ISO 14644-1:2015 class 5 Cleanroom Classification.
- [BIM Technology Assisting Monobloc Cleanroom Installation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/bim-cleanroom-whitepaper/): We completed the installation of a Monobloc panel system for global medical products and technologies company, ConvaTec, to assist with the manufacture of wound dressings.
- [What is Rotational Cleaning?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/rotational-cleaning-whitepaper/): Rotational cleaning is the practise of using more than one disinfecting agent in your cleaning regime to maximise the kill spectrum of viable contamination within a cleanroom.
- [What is DOP (Dispersed Oil Particulate) Testing?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/dop-testing/): DOP testing is also known as:
- [10 Steps to a Cleaner Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/10-steps-to-a-cleaner-cleanroom/): The single, greatest challenge to contamination control in a cleanroom is people. A statistic from Cleanroom Technology states that “people can, when walking, produce about 1,000,000 particles ≥0.5 µm and several thousand microbe-carrying particles per minute”. .
- [ISO 14644-1 Class 7 Cleanroom Classification Guidelines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-1-class-7-cleanroom-classification-guidelines/): Information on ISO 14644-1:2015 class 7 Cleanroom Classification.
- [ISO 14644-1 Class 6 Cleanroom Classification Guidelines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-1-class-6-cleanroom-classification-guidelines/): Information on ISO 14644-1:2015 class 6 Cleanroom Classification.
- [HEPA-lite™ Cleanroom Canopies](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/hepa-lite-cleanroom-canopies/): Automated Canopies
- [What Are Laminar Flow Cabinets?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/laminar-flow-cabinets/): Laminar flow cabinets and laminar flow hoods are perfect for creating an ultra-clean environment within a laboratory, manufacturing area or cleanroom.
- [Softwall Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/softwall-cleanrooms/): For large scale softwall cleanrooms, we recommend a mid-height rail to control access.
- [Hardwall Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/hardwall-cleanrooms/): Our hardwall cleanroom construction can withstand the high volume of airflow required for ultra-clean environments such as ISO class 5-6 clean zones. But the bright and durable finish of the hardwall cleanrooms also make them an attractive option for ISO class 7-8 cleanrooms.
- [Monobloc Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/monobloc-cleanrooms/): With lightweight construction and walk on ceilings, our monobloc cleanrooms are extremely robust.
- [Validation & Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/validation-qualification/): The validation or qualification process is executed in order to demonstrate that the facility, air handling components and equipment perform as specified in the project design documents. The primary objective is to verify and document that the facility, systems and equipment that have a direct impact on product quality are rigorously tested and performance is consistent within the defined parameters.
- [Cleanroom Gowning and Entry Procedure](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-gowning-and-entry-procedure/): Contrary to safety PPE, clothing worn in cleanrooms acts to protect the environment from the wearer.
- [Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/biocidal-products-directive/): The Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR, Regulation (EU) 528/2012) concerns the placing on the market and use of biocidal products, which are used to protect humans, animals, materials or articles against harmful organisms like pests or bacteria, by the action of the active substances contained in the biocidal product. The BPR offers a harmonised and more centralised authorisation and approval process for biocidal products at a European level.
- [The Difference Between ISO and GMP Standards](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/difference-between-iso-gmp/): Good manufacturing practice (GMP) describes the minimum standard that a medicines manufacturer must meet in their production processes.
- [Cleanroom Installation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-installation/): As Connect 2 Cleanrooms specialise in modular cleanrooms, cleanroom installation is a smooth and clean process of assembling pre-engineered components. Our cleanroom installation team has a wide range of qualifications to ensure they are technically competent to install your softwall, hardwall, or monobloc cleanroom. Most have professional certification from the CTCB-I, and our newer team members work towards it as associates.
- [Offsite Construction](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/offsite-construction-whitepaper1/): Connect 2 Cleanrooms can create various cleanroom designs using off-site construction methods, including large open spaces with no internal supports. Using prefabricated panels will reduce safety risks and save time. Apertures, services, and fixtures can be prepared off-site, so specialist trades aren't required on-site. Doors can also be pre-engineered, with frame handles, glazing, and interlocking systems.
- [ISO 14644-1:2015 Compliant Cleanroom Monitoring](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-1-2015-compliant-cleanroom-monitoring/): ISO 14644-1 specifies the classification of air cleanliness in terms of the concentration of airborne particles in cleanrooms and clean zones. It details sampling procedures and monitoring plans, as well as defining how validation sampling plans and data evaluation should be conducted.
- [The Importance of Cleanroom Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/the-importance-of-cleanroom-validation/): Cleanroom validation offers ISO compliance and peace of mind.
- [ISO 14644-1 Class 8 Cleanroom Classification Guidelines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/iso-14644-1-class-8-cleanroom-classification-guidelines/): Information on ISO 14644-1:2015 class 8 Cleanroom Classification.
- [Cleanroom Environmental Control System](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/efficient-cleanroom-operation-eco-cleanroom-control/): The ECO2 cleanroom control system was developed by Connect 2 Cleanrooms to provide optimised automatic cleanroom control and monitoring.
- [Cleanroom Temperature Control](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-temperature-control/): If temperature and humidity need to be controlled in your clean environment, you will benefit from a modular cleanroom with added air conditioning.
- [Mini Environments](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/mini-environments/): A mini environment is a zone within a cleanroom that has a higher level of cleanliness than the rest of the cleanroom.
- [How Big is a Micron?](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/how-big-micron/): In the world of cleanrooms, we are used to talking about microns. If you ask the question "how big is a micron?" in our office, you will get the automatic response of, "a micron is one thousandth of a millimetre."
- [University Research Cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/university-research-cleanrooms/): Universities are at the heart of research and innovation across the country. Cleanrooms in this sector support precision, innovation, and cutting-edge discoveries.
- [Electronics Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/electronics-cleanroom/): Electronics cleanrooms are used to manufacture products which are sensitive to particulate contamination. For contract electronics manufacturing (CEM) and cleanroom assembly services, a controlled environment with low levels of airborne particles is essential to maintain a dust-free and contamination-free environment during electronics manufacturing. Here are a few reasons why:
- [Cleanrooms for Medical Device Manufacture](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/medical-device-cleanroom-manufacture/): Just as the medical device industry is governed by its own set of standards, cleanrooms must conform to ISO 14644-1:2015. The standard contains a range of classes with clearly defined particle concentration limits that determine the cleanliness of an environment. A cleanroom for medical device production must be designed to achieve the appropriate class of air cleanliness and the nature of the process often dictates the classification required.
- [How Cleanroom Design Impacts Process Flow](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/whitepaper-process-flow/): Through identifying primary processes and support activities, generic and specific handling, and so on, the process can be optimised. For a new cleanroom facility, when process flow is considered during the design and layout stage, this optimisation can be extended to the facility itself – resulting in an efficient layout that meets the needs of process, product and people.
- [YouTube Channel Tutorials](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/youtube-channel-tutorials/): We release video tutorials on YouTube to share our expertise in areas such as cleanroom gowning.
- [Cleanroom Classifications](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/knowledge-base/cleanroom-classifications/): Discover the different classes within the cleanroom ISO standards and their Federal Standard and GMP equivalent. These tables detail the particle counts that define each class.

## Glossary
- [Portable cleanrooms](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/portable-cleanrooms/): Portable cleanrooms are a versatile solution for creating a flexible controlled environment. Designed to be portable or mobile, these cleanrooms can be easily relocated or repositioned based on the user’s specific needs. They are commonly constructed with a durable steel frame and PVC softwall curtain strips to form a protective barrier against external contaminants, and are mounted on castors for smooth transportation.
- [Cleanroom Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cleanroom-qualification/): Cleanroom qualification is a method of assessing the level of compliance of a classified cleanroom or clean air equipment with its intended use.
- [Cleanroom Classification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cleanroom-classification/): Cleanroom classification is a method of assessing the level of air cleanliness against a specification for a cleanroom or clean air equipment by measuring the total particle concentration.
- [Bio-Decontamination](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/bio-decontamination/): Bio-decontamination is a process that eliminates viable bioburden via use of sporicidal chemical agents.
- [Aseptic Preparation/Processing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/aseptic-preparation-processing/): Aseptic preparation/processing is the handling of sterile product, containers and/or devices in a controlled environment in which the air supply, materials and personnel are regulated to prevent microbial, endotoxin/pyrogen and particle contamination.
- [Dew Point vs Humidity](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/dew-point-vs-humidity/): In order to analyse the key differences when it comes to dew point vs humidity, it's important to understand what is meant by both.
- [Dew Point](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/dew-point/): Dew point (dp) is the temperature that a volume of air reaches when it becomes saturated with water vapour, causing dew to form. It is used as a standard parameter to determine humidity control in an environment like a dry room.
- [GRP](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/grp-glass-reinforced-polyester/): Glass Reinforced Polyester (GRP) can be used as an advanced cleanroom panel to create a fully-flush cleanroom system.
- [Water for Irrigation (WFI)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/water-for-irrigation/): Sterile, distilled and nonpyrogenic water usually presented in plastic bottles.
- [Gowning Protocols](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cleanroom-gowning-protocols/): Contrary to safety PPE, clothing worn in cleanrooms acts to protect the environment from the wearer.
- [Humidity Control](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/humidity-control/): Humidity is the concentration of water vapour in the air.
- [Static Electricity](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/static-electricity/): Static electricity is a form of electricity at rest caused by an imbalance at a molecular level within a material.
- [Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/pharmaceutical-quality-system-pqs/): Highlights the specific requirements of the PQS when applied to sterile medicinal products.
- [The Federal Standard 209E](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/federal-standard-209/): The Federal Standard 209E "Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes in Cleanrooms and Cleanzones" graded cleanrooms as "Class 1/10/100/1000/10000/100000".
- [Cleaning](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cleaning/): Cleaning is a process for removing contamination e.g. product residues or disinfectant residues.
- [EMA – European Medicines Agency](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/ema/): EMA: European Medicines Agency. European Union agencies network
- [Clean In Place (CIP)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cip/): Clean in Place (CIP) products and processes - Clean-in-place is a method of cleaning the interior surfaces of pipes, vessels, process equipment, filters and associated fittings, without disassembly.
- [ANVISA](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/anvisa/): The Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) is an autarchy linked to the Ministry of Health, part of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) as the coordinator of the Brazilian Health Regulatory System (SNVS), present throughout the national territory.
- [CMC Pharmaceuticals](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cmc-pharmaceuticals/): CMC is an acronym for Chemistry Manufacturing and Controls, which are stages of the drug development life cycle.
- [Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/bacterial-filtration-efficacy/): The Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE) test is performed on filtration materials and devices that are designed to provide protection. It is a measurement of a material's resistance to penetration of bacteria.
- [Filling Zone](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/filling-zone/): A high risk area in pharmaceutical manufacture, for sterile filling.
- [Sanitation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sanitation/): The documented written program of cleaning and disinfecting the cleanroom surface. 
- [Functional Design Specification (FDS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/functional-design-specification-fds/): The purpose of a Functional Design Specification is to ensure that a clear overarching project definition exists.
- [User Requirement Specification (URS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/user-requirement-specification-urs/): The success of a GMP cleanroom design is dependent on a clear and concise User Requirement Specification (URS) to take through a successful Design Qualification (DQ).
- [Approved Code of Practise (ACOPs)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/approved-code-of-practise/): The Approved Code of Practise (ACOPs) describe preferred or recommended methods that can be used (or standards to be met) to comply with regulations and the duties imposed by the Health and Safety at Work etc Act.
- [Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/advisory-committee-on-dangerous-pathogens/): The Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens' (ACDP) role is to provide scientific advice on the risks to exposure to pathogens and risk assessment advice on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs).
- [Occupancy States](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/occupancy-states/): Condition where the cleanroom or clean zone is complete with all services connected and functioning but with no equipment, furniture, materials or personnel present.
- [Deionised Water (DI water of DIW)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/de-ionised-water-di/): Deionised water is water that has had almost all of its mineral ions removed, however deionisation does not remove viruses or bacteria.
- [Water for Injection (WFI)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/water-for-injection-wfi/): Water for Injections contains water that has been cleaned and purified so there are no chemicals, bacteria or moulds present and is used to dissolve and dilute injectable medicines. In the cleanroom industry, it is used as a component in sterile detergents and disinfectants.
- [Worst Case](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/worst-case/): A set of conditions encompassing upper and lower processing limits and circumstances, including those within standard operating procedures, that pose the greatest chance of process or product failure (when compared to ideal conditions). Such conditions do not necessarily induce product or process failure.
- [Validation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/validation/): Cleanroom validation involves establishing documented evidence that provides a high degree of assurance that a specific process will consistently produce a product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes.
- [Unidirectional Flow](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/unidirectional-flow/): More Information on Unidirectional Flow Units
- [Terminal Sterilisation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/terminal-sterilisation/): Terminal sterilisation is the application of a sterilising agent to finished product within a sealed container to achieve a predetermined sterility assurance level (SAL) of 10⁻⁶ or better (i.e. the theoretical probability of there being a single viable microorganism present on or in a sterilised unit is equal to or less than 1 x 10-6 (one in a million)).
- [Single Use Systems (SUS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/single-use-systems-sus/): Systems in which some product contact components are used only once (i.e. single use components) to replace reusable equipment such as stainless steel transfer lines or bulk containers. SUS covered in this document are those that are used in manufacturing processes of sterile medicinal products (e.g. sterile API, sterile bio bulk, sterile finish dosage), and are typically made up of components such as bags, filters, tubing, connectors, storage bottles and sensors.
- [Sterilising Grade Filter](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sterilizing-grade-filter/): A filter that, when appropriately validated, will remove a defined microbial challenge from a fluid stream, producing a sterile effluent.
- [Sterile Product](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sterile-product/): For purposes of this guidance, sterile product refers to one or more of the elements exposed to aseptic conditions and ultimately making up the sterile finished drug product. These elements include the containers, closures, and components of the finished drug product. 
- [Restricted Access Barrier System (RABS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/restricted-access-barrier-system-rabs/): A restricted access barrier system (RABS) provides an enclosed, but not closed, environment meeting defined cleanroom conditions using a rigid-wall enclosure and air overspill to separate its interior from the surrounding environment.
- [Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/qualification/): Establishing documented evidence that provides a high degree of assurance that equipment or facilities will perform to the required specification detailed in the user requirement specification and the design qualification.
- [Pass Through Hatch](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/pass-through-hatch/): A small room with interlocked doors, constructed to maintain air pressure control between adjoining rooms (generally with different air cleanliness standards). The intent of an aseptic processing airlock is to preclude ingress of particulate matter and microorganism contamination from a lesser controlled area.
- [Overkill Sterilisation Process](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/overkill-sterilization-process/): A process that is sufficient to provide at least a 12 log reduction of microorganisms having a minimum D value of 1 minute.
- [Operator](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/operator/): Any individual participating in the aseptic processing operation, including line set-up, filler, maintenance, or other personnel associated with aseptic line activities. 
- [Isolator](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/isolator/): There are two major types of isolators:
- [Grade A Air](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/grade-a-air/): Grade A air is the highest level of air cleanliness in a cleanroom. This requires unidirectional airflow to maintain less than 3,520 particles (0.5 microns) per cubic meter.
- [Biocidal Products Regulation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/biocidal-products-directive-bpr/): The Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR, Regulation (EU) 528/2012) concerns the placing on the market and use of biocidal products, which are used to protect humans, animals, materials or articles against harmful organisms like pests or bacteria, by the action of the active substances contained in the biocidal product. This regulation aims to improve the functioning of the biocidal products market in the EU, while ensuring a high level of protection for humans and the environment.
- [Gowning Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/gowning-qualification/): A program that establishes, both initially and on a periodic basis, the capability of an individual to don the complete sterile gown in an aseptic manner.
- [Endotoxin](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/endotoxin/): A pyrogenic product (e.g. lipopolysaccharide) present in the bacterial cell wall. Endotoxin can lead to reactions in patients receiving injections ranging from fever to death.
- [Disinfection](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/disinfection/): The process by which surface bioburden is reduced to a safe level or eliminated. Some disinfection agents are effective only against vegetative microbes, while others possess additional capability to effectively kill bacterial and fungal spores.
- [Depyrogenation](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/depyrogenation/): A process used to destroy or remove pyrogens (e.g. endotoxin).
- [Decontamination](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/decontamination/): Decontamination is a process that eliminates viable bioburden (the number of bacteria living on a surface that has not been sterilised) via use of chemical agents.
- [D Value](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/d-value/): The time (in minutes) of exposure at a given temperature that causes a one-log or 90 per cent reduction in the population of a specific microorganism.
- [Critical Surfaces](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/critical-surfaces/): Critical surfaces are surfaces that may come directly into contact with, or directly affect, a sterile product or its containers or closures. Critical surfaces are rendered sterile prior to the start of the manufacturing operation, and sterility is maintained throughout processing.
- [Critical Zone](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/critical-area/): A critical zone is a location within the aseptic processing area in which product and critical surfaces are exposed to the environment.
- [Colony Forming Unit (cfu)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/colony-forming-unit/): A colony forming unit is a microbiological term that describes a single detectable colony that originates from one or more microorganisms. Colony forming units are typically expressed as CFU per ml for liquid samples, CFU per m3 for air sample and CFU per sample for samples captured on solid medium such as settle or contact plates.
- [Closed System](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/closed-system/): A closed system is a system in which the product is not exposed to the surrounding environment. For example, this can be achieved by the use of bulk product holders (such as tanks or bags) that are connected to each other by pipes or tubes as a system, and where used for sterile products, the full system is sterilised after the connections are made. Examples of a closed system can be (but are not limited to) large scale reusable systems, such as those seen in active substance manufacturing, or disposable bag and manifold systems, such as those seen in the manufacture of biological products. Closed systems are not opened until the conclusion of an operation. The use of the term “closed systems” in this definition does not refer to systems such as RABS or isolator systems.
- [Controlled Non Classified (CNC) area](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/clean-non-classified-area/): A controlled non classified area is an area where HVAC systems are specifically designed to reduce airborne contaminants below the level of the ambient environment and both temperature and relative humidity are controlled more tightly than in the ambient environment.
- [Clean Area](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/clean-area/): A clean area is an area with defined particle and microbiological cleanliness standards.
- [Blow-Fill-Seal (BFS)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/blow-fill-seal/): A blow fill seal is a technology in which containers are formed from a thermoplastic granulate, filled with product, and then sealed in a continuous, integrated, automatic operation. The two most common types of BFS machines are the Shuttle type (with Parison cut) and the Rotary type (Closed Parison).
- [Biological Indicator (BI)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/biological-indicator/): A biological indicator is the population of microorganisms inoculated onto a suitable medium (e.g. solution, container or closure) and placed within a steriliser or load or room locations to determine the sterilisation or disinfection cycle efficacy of a physical or chemical process. The challenge microorganism is selected and validated based upon its resistance to the given process. Incoming lot D-value, microbiological count and purity define the quality of the BI.
- [Barrier](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/barrier/): A barrier is a physical partition that affords aseptic processing area (usually grade A) protection by separating it from the background environment. Such systems frequently use, in part or totally, the Barrier Technologies known as RABS or isolators.
- [Bacterial Retention Testing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/bacterial-retention-testing/): Bacterial retention testing is performed to validate that a filter can remove bacteria from a gas or solution. The test is usually performed using a standard organism, such as Brevundimonas diminuta at a minimum concentration of 107 Colony Forming Units/ml.
- [Asepsis](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/asepsis/): Asepsis is a state of control attained by using an aseptic work area and performing activities in a manner that precludes microbial contamination of the exposed sterile product.
- [Action Limit](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/action-limit/): An action limit is an established relevant measure (e.g. microbial, or airborne particle limits) that, when exceeded, should trigger appropriate investigation and corrective action based on the investigation.
- [Alert Level](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/alert-level/): An alert level is an established relevant measure (e.g. microbial, or airborne particle levels) giving early warning of potential drift from normal operating conditions and validated state, which does not necessarily give grounds for corrective action but triggers appropriate scrutiny and follow-up to address the potential problem. Alert levels are established based on routine and qualification trend data and are periodically reviewed. The alert level can be based on a number of parameters including adverse trends, individual excursions above a set limit and repeat events.
- [Airlock](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/airlock/): An airlock is an enclosed space with interlocked doors, constructed to maintain air pressure control between adjoining rooms (generally with different air cleanliness standards). The intent of an airlock is to preclude ingress of particle matter and microorganism contamination from a lesser controlled area.
- [MHRA  – Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/mhra/): MHRA is an executive agency, sponsored by the Department of Health and Social Care.
- [FDA – Food and Drugs Administration](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/fda/): The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food safety, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceutical drugs (medications), vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices (ERED), cosmetics, animal foods & feed and veterinary products.
- [PQ – Performance Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/pq-performance-qualification/): The process of challenging that the cleanroom equipment is performing together in an operational state.
- [IQ – Installation Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/iq-installation-qualification/): The process of evaluating and confirming that the installed cleanroom is consistent with what was specified.
- [DQ – Design Qualification](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/dq-design-qualification/): Design Qualification (DQ) is the documented verification that the proposed design of the facilities, systems and equipment is suitable for the intended purpose, meeting regulatory and process needs.
- [Vaporised Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP)](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/vaporised-hydrogen-peroxide-vhp/): Vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP) has antimicrobial properties and so has decontamination and sterilisation applications, with an added benefit of working at low temperatures.
- [Low Level Exhaust Vent](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/low-level-exhaust-vent/): A low level exhaust vent is an outlet at the bottom of a cleanroom where particles are flushed out due to the positive airflow and pressure differential. A full perimeter exhaust vent will allow an even airflow.
- [Panel System Cleanroom](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/panel-system-cleanroom/): Monobloc cleanroom systems feature flush-fitting wall panels for reduced particle retention and superior airtightness and load bearing capacity. The Kingspan Precision panel is a modular panel that features Quadcore Technology delivering industry leading thermal performance, superior fire protection and enhanced environmental credentials for your cleanroom. 
- [NADCAP](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/nadcap/): Nadcap (National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program) is aimed at generating a continual improvement programme for businesses within the Aerospace manufacturing and defence industries. Nadcap accreditation leads to a standardised approach to quality assurance, meaning that a standard process can be followed.
- [De-Centralised Air Handling](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/de-centralised-air-handling/): Through a de-centralised air handling approach, the same results can be delivered as with an AHU, but with a significantly reduced installation outlay and running cost.
- [Flow Rate](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/flow-rate/): The flow rate of a particle counter is the speed in which air is drawn through the sample probe. For example, a flow rate of 0.1 CFM means the particle counter will sample 0.1 cubic feet of air per minute.
- [LPM](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/lpm/): LPM is an abbreviation of litres per minute (l/min). When used in the context of a particle counter's flow rate, it is a measurement of the velocity at which air flows into the sample probe. For example, a flow rate of 2.83 LPM means the particle counter will sample 2.83 litres of air per minute.
- [CFM](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cfm/): CFM is an abbreviation for cubic feet per minute (cu ft/min). When used in the context of a particle counter's flow rate, it is a measurement of the velocity at which air flows into the sample probe. For example, a flow rate of 0.1 CFM means the particle counter will sample 0.1 cubic feet of air per minute.
- [Delta (∆) Column of Particle Counts](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/delta-column-particle-counts/): Particle counters display readings in two columns: differential (depicted by ∆ delta) and cumulative (depicted by ∑ sigma).
- [Sigma  (∑) Column of Particle Counts](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sigma-column-particle-counts/): Particle counters display readings in two columns: cumulative (often depicted by ∑ sigma) and differential (often depicted by ∆ delta).
- [Differential Particle Counts](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/differential-particle-counts/): Particle counters display readings in two columns: differential (depicted by ∆ delta) and cumulative (depicted by ∑ sigma).
- [Cumulative Particle Counts](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/cumulative-particle-counts/): Particle counters display readings in two columns: cumulative (often depicted by ∑ sigma) and differential (often depicted by ∆ delta).
- [SteriShield Delivery System](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sterishield-delivery-system/): An effective cleaning and disinfection program in controlled areas is critical to maintain product quality and safety in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. Ecolab’s SteriShield Delivery System’s closed and validated trigger spray system ensures content sterility throughout use, making it an ideal solution for the cleaning and disinfection of critical areas like cleanrooms.
- [Bioburden](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/bio-burden/): A bioburden is the total number of microorganisms associated with a specific item such as personnel, manufacturing environments (air and surfaces), equipment, product packaging, raw materials (including water), in-process materials, or finished products.
- [Rotational Cleaning](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/rotational-cleaning/): To control the bioburden in your cleanroom you will need to use disinfectants; these are chemicals that have properties that can kill micro-organisms. You will probably need to use two or more disinfectants in rotation, and this is why the process of killing micro-organisms in your cleanroom is called rotational cleaning.
- [GMP Guidelines](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/gmp/): Good manufacturing practice (GMP) is the minimum standard that a medicines manufacturer must meet in their production processes.
- [Grade 316 Stainless Steel](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/316-stainlesssteel/): Grade 316 Stainless Steel has an approximate composition – 17% chromium, 10% nickel, 2% molybdenum (exact composition ranges vary between EN and ASTM standards).
- [HEPA Filter Test](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/hepa-filter-test/): See DOP testing
- [Filter Integrity Testing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/filter-integrity-testing/): See DOP testing
- [DOP Testing](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/dop-testing/): Dispersed Oil Particulate (DOP) testing, also known as filter integrity testing, is the process in which the integrity of your HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) or ULPA (Ultra Low Penetration Air) filter is challenged through introducing particulates and measuring the output.
- [Composite](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/composite/): A composite is a material made up of 2 or more component parts to create a material with specialist properties to suit varying applications. I.e. resin and fibre may be used to create a durable cleanroom worktop resistant to cleaning chemicals.
- [Industry 4.0](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/industry40/): Industry 4.0 is the 4th industrial revolution - the digital transformation.
- [Offsite Cleanroom Construction](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/offsite-cleanroom-construction/): Offsite cleanroom construction offers a more accurate and timely installation with less chance of failure, with all elements being made and tested prior to delivery to site ensuring these cleanroom projects are completed on-time.
- [Sporicide](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/sporicide/): A sporicide is a disinfectant that is effective against spores. They can be so aggressive that they may also be harmful to health or equipment, and are therefore not most suitable for frequent use, so choosing the right product for your critical environment is essential.
- [Biocide](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/biocide/): A biocide is a disinfectant with a broad spectrum of activity, especially against bacteria and fungi. Microbial contamination could consist of bacteria, fungi, viruses or bacterial spores. Most biocides are not effective against bacterial spores, which pose a particular threat as they are so difficult to kill, and can lay dormant for extended periods of time.
- [Vent Protectors](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/vent-protectors/): Where a floor level vent is applied to the cleanroom design to allow contamination to leave the controlled environment at a low level, a vent protector can stop any large object entering the cleanroom. The design of the kickplate encourages the airflow to exit the cleanroom and travel vertically back towards the roof (supply) side of the cleanroom, promoting re-circulation. 
- [UV Lighting](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/uv-lighting/): To supplement standard cleanroom lighting, UV lamps and UV light equipment can be used for both inspection and disinfection processes.
- [ULPA Filtration](https://connect2cleanrooms.com/resources/glossary/ulpa-filtration/): ULPA filtration is a filter media which is efficient at removing submicron particles from the air. It is 99.9995% efficient at 0.12 microns.